非昇腾设备开发环境搭建-Ubuntu安装CANN

1 前提准备

基于华为Ascend处理器开发AI应用程序，一般需要搭建开发环境和运行环境。这里我们基于在非昇腾设备上（X86架构的PC)安装CANN开发环境。非昇腾AI设备无需安装固件（NPU)与驱动(driver)，仅能用于代码开发、编译等不依赖于昇腾设备的开发活动。非昇腾AI设备开发环境示意图如下所示：

其中的Linux 操作系统的安装是基于Vitual Box虚拟机进行安装的，可以参考之前的博文《VitualBox安装Ubuntu并安装增强功能》。由图可知，CANN toolkit依赖性于Linux OS依赖项，如Python3.7等。因此，首先需要安装OS依赖项，这里我们选用Ubuntu18.04，关于依赖性安装可以参考之前的博客《Ubuntu安装CANN相关依赖》。本文重点在于介绍如何安装CANN toolkit。

2 CANN toolkit安装

在基础Linux环境搭建完成后，需要登录华为相关网站（下载软件有权限要求，否则可能无法下载），并获取相关权限后，首先可以在Windows操作系统上下载两种架构（x86和aarch64）的CANN toolkit开发套件包Ascend-cann-toolkit_xxx.run 。例如本次安装的版本为CANN 5.0.2 (版本需要和其他软硬件匹配，比如MindStudio 3.0.2 匹配CANN 5.0.2)：

Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-aarch64.run

Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-x86_64.run

注意：若开发环境为x86_64架构，运行环境为aarch64架构，开发环境上需同时部署x86_64和aarch64架构的开发套件，后续编译应用时需要调用aarch64架构开发套件的ACLlib库。另外，安装CANN toolkit开发套件包前请确保安装目录可用空间大于7G 。

这里为了方便从Windows操作系统和虚拟机直接传递文件，可以在Vitual Box中设置共享文件夹，示意图如下：

另外，就需要将文件下载到C:\share_folder 共享文件中，示意图如下：

此时启动虚拟机Ubuntu后，可以通过命令行访问共享文件夹中的文件，下面首先切换到root用户进行CANN安装。示意图如下：

然后打开终端命令行，执行如下命令进行CANN toolkit安装：

jack@jack-pc:~$ su root Password: root@jack-pc:/home/jack# cd /media/sf_share_folder/ #设置可执行权限 chmod +x Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-x86_64.run chmod +x Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-aarch64.run #安装 ./Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-x86_64.run --install ./Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-aarch64.run --install

输出过程示意如下：

Verifying archive integrity...  100%   SHA256 checksums are OK. All good.

Uncompressing ASCEND_RUN_PACKAGE  100%

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:13] [INFO] mkdir /usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/5.0.2.1/x86_64-linux

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [INFO] mkdir /var/log/ascend_seclog/

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [INFO] touch /var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_toolkit_install.log

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [INFO] LogFile:/var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_toolkit_install.log

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [INFO] install start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [INFO] The install path is /usr/local/Ascend !

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [WARNING] driver package maybe not installed

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:14] [WARNING] driver package maybe not installed

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:15] [INFO] install package Ascend-acllib-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:26] [INFO] Ascend-acllib-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:26] [INFO] install package Ascend-pyACL-5.0.2.1-linux.x86_64.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:29] [INFO] Ascend-pyACL-5.0.2.1-linux.x86_64.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:52:29] [INFO] install package Ascend-atc-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run start

WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv

WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv

WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv

WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:54:26] [INFO] Ascend-atc-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run --devel --pylocal --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:54:26] [INFO] install package Ascend-opp-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:56:21] [INFO] Ascend-opp-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:56:23] [INFO] install package Ascend-toolkit-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:14] [INFO] Ascend-toolkit-1.78.23.34.230-linux.x86_64.run --devel --pylocal --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:14] [INFO] install package Ascend310-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:15] [INFO] Ascend310-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:15] [INFO] install package Ascend910-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:17] [INFO] Ascend910-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:17] [INFO] install package Ascend710-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:18] [INFO] Ascend710-aicpu_kernels-1.78.23.34.230.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:18] [INFO] install package Ascend310-aicpu_kernels_minirc-1.78.23.34.230.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] Ascend310-aicpu_kernels_minirc-1.78.23.34.230.run --devel --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] install package Ascend-test-ops-5.0.2.1.run start

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] Ascend-test-ops-5.0.2.1.run --full --quiet --nox11 install success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] /etc/Ascend/ascend_cann_install.info generate success

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] Please make sure that:

Offline infer develop (cannot coexist with other scenes):

LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/acllib/lib64:

PYTHONPATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/pyACL/python/site-packages/acl:

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit/python/site-packages:

ASCEND_AICPU_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest:

ASCEND_OPP_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/opp:

TOOLCHAIN_HOME includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit:

Third party AI framework develop (cannot coexist with other scenes):

PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/fwkacllib/ccec_compiler/bin:

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/fwkacllib/bin:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/fwkacllib/lib64:

PYTHONPATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/fwkacllib/python/site-packages:

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit/python/site-packages:

ASCEND_OPP_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/opp:

ASCEND_AICPU_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest:

TOOLCHAIN_HOME includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit:

Model transformation and operator develop (cannot coexist with other scenes):

PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/atc/ccec_compiler/bin:

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/atc/bin:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/atc/lib64:

PYTHONPATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/atc/python/site-packages:

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit/python/site-packages:

ASCEND_OPP_PATH includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/opp:

TOOLCHAIN_HOME includes :

/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest/toolkit:

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:20] [INFO] If your service is started using the shell script, you can call the /usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/set_env.sh script to configure environment variables. Note that this script can not be executed mannually.

[Toolkit] [20211113-19:59:21] [INFO] Ascend-cann-toolkit_5.0.2.1_linux-x86_64 install success,The install path is /usr/local/Ascend !

下面可以到安装的目录中 /usr/local/Ascend进行查看，命令如下：

jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/5.0.2.1$ cd ~ jack@jack-pc:~$ cd /usr/local/Ascend/ jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend$ ls ascend-toolkit jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend$ cd ascend-toolkit/ jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit$ ls 5.0 5.0.2.1 latest set_env.sh jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit$ cd latest jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest$ ls acllib arm64-linux opp_linux.arm64 python tools acllib_linux.arm64 atc opp_linux.x86_64 targets var acllib_linux.x86_64 opp pyACL toolkit x86_64-linux jack@jack-pc:/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest$

示意图如下所示：

3 配置交叉编译环境

最后，对于Atlas 200 AI加速模块 （RC场景）和Atlas 500 小站(运行环境aarch64架构)来说，当开发环境是一台X86 PC进行环境搭建时，需要在开发环境中安装交叉编译工具，具体命令如下：

#检查是否安装 aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ --version #安装（root) apt-get install g++-aarch64-linux-gnu

安装成功后，再次验证，执行如下命令：

root@jack-pc:/home/jack# aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ --version aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04) 7.5.0 Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

具体CANN更多安装细节文档，可以参考官网 https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/zh/doc/EDOC1100206656/4f20a9ed 。

AI平台 Atlas 200 DK开发者套件 Linux Ubuntu

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