Android 通过广播监听USB连接状态的改变

网友投稿 1625 2022-05-28

Android 通过广播监听USB连接状态的改变

一、原理讲解

Android通过广播监听USB连接状态的改变的动作在UsbManager.java文件里,为ACTION_USB_STATE。然而在UsbManager中,该常量的注释中包含{@hide},该注释是控制该API是否开放用的。未开发的API意味着google可以随时调整该API的定义或实现方式,而不用保证向下兼容。

所以尽量避免调用未开发的API,因为一旦系统升级导致其实现方式改变,程序很有可能就直接崩溃了。

注意:

目前仍未发现 ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_XXX 这种广播

插拔手机与电脑之间的USB线:ACTION_USB_STATE(主要参数是 Boolean connected)

插拔U盘发送的是OTG广播:ACTION_USB_DEVICE_XXX,XXX代表了ATTACH 或 DETACH,这种情况是手机是主,u盘是从,手机给U盘供电。

二、代码如下

1、MyUsbManager.java

package com.example.testapp; public class MyUsbManager { /** * Broadcast Action: A sticky broadcast for USB state change events when in device mode. * This is a sticky broadcast for clients that includes USB connected/disconnected state, *

    *
  • {@link #USB_CONNECTED} boolean indicating whether USB is connected or disconnected. *
  • {@link #USB_CONFIGURED} boolean indicating whether USB is configured. currently zero if not configured, one for configured. *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_ADB} boolean extra indicating whether the adb function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_RNDIS} boolean extra indicating whether the RNDIS ethernet function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_MTP} boolean extra indicating whether the MTP function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_PTP} boolean extra indicating whether the PTP function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_PTP} boolean extra indicating whether the accessory function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_AUDIO_SOURCE} boolean extra indicating whether the audio source function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_MIDI} boolean extra indicating whether the MIDI function is enabled *
*/ public static final String ACTION_USB_STATE = "android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE"; /** * Boolean extra indicating whether USB is connected or disconnected. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast. */ public static final String USB_CONNECTED = "connected"; /** * Boolean extra indicating whether USB is configured. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast. */ public static final String USB_CONFIGURED = "configured"; /** * Boolean extra indicating whether confidential user data, such as photos, should be * made available on the USB connection. This variable will only be set when the user * has explicitly asked for this data to be unlocked. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast. */ public static final String USB_DATA_UNLOCKED = "unlocked"; /** * A placeholder indicating that no USB function is being specified. * Used to distinguish between selecting no function vs. the default function in {@link #setCurrentFunction(String)}. */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_NONE = "none"; /** * Name of the adb USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_ADB = "adb"; /** * Name of the RNDIS ethernet USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_RNDIS = "rndis"; /** * Name of the MTP USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_MTP = "mtp"; /** * Name of the PTP USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_PTP = "ptp"; /** * Name of the audio source USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_AUDIO_SOURCE = "audio_source"; /** * Name of the MIDI USB function. * Used in extras for the {@link #ACTION_USB_STATE} broadcast */ public static final String USB_FUNCTION_MIDI = "midi"; }

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2、UsbActivity.java

package com.example.testapp; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.hardware.usb.UsbAccessory; import android.hardware.usb.UsbDevice; import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.LinearLayout; import android.widget.ScrollView; import android.widget.TextView; public class UsbActivity extends Activity { private TextView textView; private UsbManager usbManager; private BroadcastReceiver receiver; private IntentFilter intentFilter; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ScrollView scrollView = new ScrollView(this); LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this); linearLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL); textView = new TextView(this); scrollView.addView(linearLayout); linearLayout.addView(textView); setContentView(scrollView); usbManager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE); receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); addText("action : " + action); if(intent.hasExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED)) { boolean permissionGranted = intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false); addText("permissionGranted : " + permissionGranted); } switch(action) { case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_ATTACHED: case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_DETACHED: //Name of extra for ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_ATTACHED and ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_DETACHED broadcasts containing the UsbAccessory object for the accessory. UsbAccessory accessory = intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_ACCESSORY); addText(accessory.toString()); break; case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED: case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED: //Name of extra for ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED and ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED broadcasts containing the UsbDevice object for the device. UsbDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE); addText(device.toString()); break; case MyUsbManager.ACTION_USB_STATE: /* *

  • {@link #USB_CONNECTED} boolean indicating whether USB is connected or disconnected. *
  • {@link #USB_CONFIGURED} boolean indicating whether USB is configured. * currently zero if not configured, one for configured. *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_ADB} boolean extra indicating whether the * adb function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_RNDIS} boolean extra indicating whether the * RNDIS ethernet function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_MTP} boolean extra indicating whether the * MTP function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_PTP} boolean extra indicating whether the * PTP function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_PTP} boolean extra indicating whether the * accessory function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_AUDIO_SOURCE} boolean extra indicating whether the * audio source function is enabled *
  • {@link #USB_FUNCTION_MIDI} boolean extra indicating whether the * MIDI function is enabled * */ boolean connected = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_CONNECTED, false); addText("connected : " + connected); boolean configured = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_CONFIGURED, false); addText("configured : " + configured); boolean function_adb = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_ADB, false); addText("function_adb : " + function_adb); boolean function_rndis = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_RNDIS, false); addText("function_rndis : " + function_rndis); boolean function_mtp = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_MTP, false); addText("function_mtp : " + function_mtp); boolean function_ptp = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_PTP, false); addText("usb_function_ptp : " + function_ptp); boolean function_audio_source = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_AUDIO_SOURCE, false); addText("function_audio_source : " + function_audio_source); boolean function_midi = intent.getBooleanExtra(MyUsbManager.USB_FUNCTION_MIDI, false); addText("function_midi : " + function_midi); break; } } }; intentFilter = new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_ATTACHED); intentFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_ACCESSORY_DETACHED); intentFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED); intentFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED); intentFilter.addAction(MyUsbManager.ACTION_USB_STATE); registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter); boolean hasUsbHost = getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_USB_HOST); boolean hasUsbAccessory = getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_USB_ACCESSORY); addText("hasUsbHost : " + hasUsbHost); addText("hasUsbAccessory : " + hasUsbAccessory); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { unregisterReceiver(receiver); super.onDestroy(); } private void addText(String str) { textView.setText(textView.getText().toString() + str + "\n"); } }

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    三、运行截图

    四、ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED 和 ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED的缺点

    广播是去监测U盘插入和拔出的,也就意味着,你只要一插入或者一拔出U盘,就是收到这两个广播。它不会管你的设备有没有准备好,有没有mounted或者unmounted。

    因此就需要引入一个新的广播 android.os.storage.extra.VOLUME_STATE。

    这个广播就是用来监听Volume状态的。当外置Usb设备在Mounted或者UnMounted的时候则就可以用来做监听 int 类型的 VolumeInfo.EXTRA_VOLUME_STATE。

    注意:android.os.storage.extra.VOLUME_STATE 一定要声明读写权限,否则是收不到的。

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    Android API

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