【GitLab】CentOS安装GitLab最佳实践

环境

[root@iZ2851te7e5Z ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core) Release: 7.1.1503 Codename: Core

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服务器安装了

PHP7

Nginx,占用80端口

Mysql

安装

安装采用官网提供的安装方法.

进入页面 https://about.gitlab.com/downloads/

选择 CentOS 7

硬件要求

GitLab对硬件的要求不是很高,很显然,越好的硬件,越能支撑起更多的项目的和用户.

系统要求

支持的类UNIX系统

Ubuntu

Debian

CentOS

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (please use the CentOS packages and instructions)

Scientific Linux (please use the CentOS packages and instructions)

Oracle Linux (please use the CentOS packages and instructions)

不支持的类UNIX系统

OS X

Arch Linux

Fedora

Gentoo

FreeBSD

不是类UNIX的系统

比如Windows,并不支持.

安装和配置必要的依赖关系

如果你安装postfix发送邮件，请选择“网站设置”中。而不是使用后缀也可以使用sendmail配置自定义SMTP服务器配置为SMTP服务器。

sudo yum install curl policycoreutils openssh-server openssh-clients sudo systemctl enable sshd sudo systemctl start sshd sudo yum install postfix sudo systemctl enable postfix sudo systemctl start postfix sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http sudo systemctl reload firewalld

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postfix 服务启动失败

/usr/sbin/postconf: fatal: parameter inet_interfaces: no local interface found for ::1

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修改配置文件 vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

修改的部分为

inet_interfaces = 127.0.0.1 #只能接受内部邮件，其它邮件不接受 inet_protocols = all

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启动服务 sudo systemctl start postfix,成功.

安装firewalld

yum install firewalld

systemctl unmask firewalld

添加GitLab安装包到服务器

curl -sS https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ce/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash

添加国内的镜像源

执行上面的命令,会一直 time out ,所以我们要换成国内的源.

以下操作针对CentOS 7 ,其他的请戳 https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/gitlab-ce/

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/gitlab-ce.repo

[gitlab-ce] name=gitlab-ce baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7 repo_gpgcheck=0 gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 gpgkey=https://packages.gitlab.com/gpg.key

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注意,如果对应配置文件下有文件gitlab_gitlab-ce.repo,重命名一下,不然会默认加载这个导致上面的文件不起作用.

查看目前的yum进程,并杀死

ps -a PID TTY TIME CMD 18781 pts/0 00:00:00 sudo 18783 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 18796 pts/0 00:00:00 yum 18855 pts/0 00:00:00 sudo 18856 pts/0 00:00:00 yum 18871 pts/0 00:00:00 ps kill -9 18796 kill -9 18856

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sudo yum makecache sudo yum install gitlab-ce

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上面执行完了,是这样的展示结果

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure gitlab: GitLab should be reachable at http://iZ2851te7e5Z gitlab: Otherwise configure GitLab for your system by editing /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file gitlab: And running reconfigure again. gitlab: gitlab: For a comprehensive list of configuration options please see the Omnibus GitLab readme gitlab: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md gitlab: It looks like GitLab has not been configured yet; skipping the upgrade script. 验证中 : gitlab-ce-8.7.6-ce.0.el7.x86_64 1/1 已安装: gitlab-ce.x86_64 0:8.7.6-ce.0.el7 完毕！

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配置和开始使用GitLab

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

接下来会自动配置文件权限,安装数据库….

提示!安装的时间会很长!!!

根据我们服务器监控记录,配置过程花了5个小时!

修改配置文件 /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

目前的状态是完成了安装包的安装,但是还没有启用配置文件,所以依赖还都没有装。

所以非常不建议直接运行sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure,

不能再踩一次坑!QAQ

基本我们要调的东西都在/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb里面,所以这个文件一定要仔细看好。

修改连接数据库为Mysql

因为我们本机已经用了LNMP做了环境,所以可以直接采用Mysql作为我们的数据库,而不用postgresql,减少服务器的负担。

企业版才支持使用mysql

QAQ

# Disable the built-in Postgres postgresql['enable'] = false # Fill in the values for database.yml gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'mysql2' gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'utf8' gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '127.0.0.1' gitlab_rails['db_port'] = '3306' gitlab_rails['db_username'] = 'USERNAME' gitlab_rails['db_password'] = 'PASSWORD'

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采用本机自带的nginx

################ # GitLab Nginx # ################ ## see: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/tree/master/doc/settings/nginx.md nginx['enable'] = false nginx['client_max_body_size'] = '250m' nginx['redirect_http_to_https'] = false #nginx['redirect_http_to_https_port'] = 80 # nginx['ssl_client_certificate'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/ca.crt" # Most root CA's are included by default # nginx['ssl_certificate'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/#{node['fqdn']}.crt" # nginx['ssl_certificate_key'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/#{node['fqdn']}.key" # nginx['ssl_ciphers'] = "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256" # nginx['ssl_prefer_server_ciphers'] = "on" # nginx['ssl_protocols'] = "TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2" # recommended by https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/Strong_SSL_Security_On_nginx.html & https://cipherli.st/ # nginx['ssl_session_cache'] = "builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m" # recommended in http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssl_module.html # nginx['ssl_session_timeout'] = "5m" # default according to http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssl_module.html # nginx['ssl_dhparam'] = nil # Path to dhparams.pem, eg. /etc/gitlab/ssl/dhparams.pem nginx['listen_addresses'] = ["0.0.0.0", "[::]"] nginx['listen_port'] = 80 # override only if you use a reverse proxy: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/doc/settings/nginx.md#setting-the-nginx-listen-port # nginx['listen_https'] = nil # override only if your reverse proxy internally communicates over HTTP: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/doc/settings/nginx.md#supporting-proxied-ssl # nginx['custom_gitlab_server_config'] = "location ^~ /foo-namespace/bar-project/raw/ {\n deny all;\n}\n" # nginx['custom_nginx_config'] = "include /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.conf;" # nginx['proxy_read_timeout'] = 300 # nginx['proxy_connect_timeout'] = 300 # nginx['proxy_set_headers'] = { # "Host" => "$http_host", # "X-Real-IP" => "$remote_addr", # "X-Forwarded-For" => "$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for", # "X-Forwarded-Proto" => "https", # "X-Forwarded-Ssl" => "on" # } # nginx['proxy_cache_path'] = 'proxy_cache keys_zone=gitlab:10m max_size=1g levels=1:2' # nginx['proxy_cache'] = 'gitlab' # nginx['http2_enabled'] = true # nginx['real_ip_trusted_addresses'] = [] # nginx['real_ip_header'] = # nginx['real_ip_recursive'] = nil nginx['custom_nginx_config'] = "include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;" # If you need to add custom settings into the NGINX config, for example to include existing server blocks, you can use the following setting. ## Advanced settings nginx['dir'] = "/usr/local/nginx" nginx['log_directory'] = "/usr/local/nginx" nginx['worker_processes'] = 4 nginx['worker_connections'] = 10240 nginx['log_format'] = '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"' # nginx['sendfile'] = 'on' # nginx['tcp_nopush'] = 'on' # nginx['tcp_nodelay'] = 'on' nginx['gzip'] = "on" nginx['gzip_http_version'] = "1.0" nginx['gzip_comp_level'] = "2" # nginx['gzip_proxied'] = "any" nginx['gzip_types'] = [ "text/plain", "text/css", "application/x-javascript", "text/xml", "application/xml", "application/xml+rss", "text/javascript", "application/json" ] nginx['keepalive_timeout'] = 65 nginx['cache_max_size'] = '5000m'

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创建vhost下的配置文件,指向GitLab文件夹

upstream gitlab-workhorse { server unix://var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-workhorse/socket fail_timeout=0; } server { listen *:80; server_name git.example.com; server_tokens off; root /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/public; client_max_body_size 250m; access_log /var/log/gitlab/nginx/gitlab_access.log; error_log /var/log/gitlab/nginx/gitlab_error.log; # Ensure Passenger uses the bundled Ruby version passenger_ruby /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/ruby; # Correct the $PATH variable to included packaged executables passenger_env_var PATH "/opt/gitlab/bin:/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"; # Make sure Passenger runs as the correct user and group to # prevent permission issues passenger_user git; passenger_group git; # Enable Passenger & keep at least one instance running at all times passenger_enabled on; passenger_min_instances 1; location ~ ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/(info/refs|git-upload-pack|git-receive-pack)$ { # 'Error' 418 is a hack to re-use the @gitlab-workhorse block error_page 418 = @gitlab-workhorse; return 418; } location ~ ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/repository/archive { # 'Error' 418 is a hack to re-use the @gitlab-workhorse block error_page 418 = @gitlab-workhorse; return 418; } location ~ ^/api/v3/projects/.*/repository/archive { # 'Error' 418 is a hack to re-use the @gitlab-workhorse block error_page 418 = @gitlab-workhorse; return 418; } # Build artifacts should be submitted to this location location ~ ^/[\w\.-]+/[\w\.-]+/builds/download { client_max_body_size 0; # 'Error' 418 is a hack to re-use the @gitlab-workhorse block error_page 418 = @gitlab-workhorse; return 418; } # Build artifacts should be submitted to this location location ~ /ci/api/v1/builds/[0-9]+/artifacts { client_max_body_size 0; # 'Error' 418 is a hack to re-use the @gitlab-workhorse block error_page 418 = @gitlab-workhorse; return 418; } location @gitlab-workhorse { ## https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694 ## Some requests take more than 30 seconds. proxy_read_timeout 3600; proxy_connect_timeout 300; proxy_redirect off; # Do not buffer Git HTTP responses proxy_buffering off; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_pass http://gitlab-workhorse; ## The following settings only work with NGINX 1.7.11 or newer # ## Pass chunked request bodies to gitlab-workhorse as-is # proxy_request_buffering off; # proxy_http_version 1.1; } ## Enable gzip compression as per rails guide: ## http://guides.rubyonrails.org/asset_pipeline.html#gzip-compression ## WARNING: If you are using relative urls remove the block below ## See config/application.rb under "Relative url support" for the list of ## other files that need to be changed for relative url support location ~ ^/(assets)/ { root /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/public; gzip_static on; # to serve pre-gzipped version expires max; add_header Cache-Control public; } error_page 502 /502.html; }

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使用

查看状态

上面的命令是通过gitlab-ctl安装的,那么通过gitlab-ctl命令一样也能做别事情~

gitlab-ctl

I don't know that command. /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/omnibus-ctl: command (subcommand) deploy-page Put up the deploy page remove-accounts Delete *all* users and groups used by this package upgrade Run migrations after a package upgrade General Commands: cleanse Delete *all* gitlab data, and start from scratch. help Print this help message. reconfigure Reconfigure the application. show-config Show the configuration that would be generated by reconfigure. uninstall Kill all processes and uninstall the process supervisor (data will be preserved). Service Management Commands: graceful-kill Attempt a graceful stop, then SIGKILL the entire process group. hup Send the services a HUP. int Send the services an INT. kill Send the services a KILL. once Start the services if they are down. Do not restart them if they stop. restart Stop the services if they are running, then start them again. service-list List all the services (enabled services appear with a *.) start Start services if they are down, and restart them if they stop. status Show the status of all the services. stop Stop the services, and do not restart them. tail Watch the service logs of all enabled services. term Send the services a TERM.

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这样就知道了我们的服务怎么使用了~

status 查看状态

# gitlab-ctl status run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 19751) 23124s; run: log: (pid 19750) 23124s run: logrotate: (pid 31160) 1078s; run: log: (pid 19765) 23091s run: nginx: (pid 32621) 0s; run: log: (pid 19755) 23119s run: postgresql: (pid 19584) 23964s; run: log: (pid 19583) 23964s run: redis: (pid 19501) 23975s; run: log: (pid 19500) 23975s run: sidekiq: (pid 19831) 22616s; run: log: (pid 19738) 23128s run: unicorn: (pid 19707) 23134s; run: log: (pid 19706) 23134s

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tail 查看日志

这个命令查看我们的gitlab在运行过程中有没有问题.

gitlab-ctl tail

后记

GitLab对服务器的要求比较高,文档上说4核8G,我的1核512M的小服务器在安装多次后卡死多次。我决定暂时先放放。。。以后再做这个。。。

QAQ

参考资料

https://about.gitlab.com/gitlab-com/

http://www.chhua.com/web-note4929

https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/gitlab-ce/

https://about.gitlab.com/downloads/

https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/doc/settings/database.md#database-settings

CentOS Git GitHub

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