kubernetes1.11手动搭建

网友投稿 742 2022-05-30

## Kubernetes1.11手动搭建

本次实验手动搭建一个内部的k8s集群，即不进行认证:

1.通过vagrant和virtual box 构建vm.

2.设计为一个etcd和一个node，初步，master先不搭建node,即目前一个master和一个

node.

- pre

一直想找一篇简单的手动搭建k8s的教程(不进行认证)，以初步学习k8s， 形成一个

简单的框架.结果，不是没有对应版本，就是采用一些工具自动搭建，最后还是选择

带来的问题.

- cluster info

node1为master,node2为集群的工作节点node.

name | ip

---|---

master/node1 | 192.168.59.11

node2 | 192.168.59.12

- 注：

- 更简单的，搭建单节点k8s环境

- 即，不搭建node2，将master和node1部署在一个物理机上

- node1的配置方式同node2,仅要修改相应的参数(如 kubelet 地址)

kubernetes1.11手动搭建

- 搭建过程

- 简述

>1.获取所需要的kubernetes二进制文件，这里采用编译源码的方式进行

>2.获取etcd二进制文件，这里采用编译源码方式进行

>3.启动虚拟机，这里采用virtualbox、vagrant、ubuntu16.04作为宿主机

>4.master节点上配置etcd、kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、

kube-scheduler

>5.node2节点上配置kubelet、kube-proxy

>6.检测集群环境,master上运行```kubectl get nodes```查看集群运行状态

- 具体搭建参考:

- [kubernetes权威指南 第2章](https://item.jd.com/12230380.html)

- [domac的菜园子—深入学习Kubernetes(三):手工安装Kubernetes](http://lihaoquan.me/2017/3/12/install-kubernetes-cluster--on-centos.html)

- 结果：

```bash

root@node1:/etc/kubernetes# kubectl get nodes

NAME      STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION

node2     Ready         1h        v1.11.3-beta.0.3+798ca4d3ceb5b2

```

- QA

- Q: k8s版本变化加大，参考内容为1.8之前的，很多启动参数发生了变化

- A: 1.8+k8s的kubelet的--api-server参数取消，采用kubelet.kubeconfig文件的形式

- kubelet启动参数

```bash

#kubelet.service

[Service]

WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet

EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet  $KUBELET_ARGS  $KUBELET_ADDRESS

#/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=192.168.59.12"

KUBELET_ARGS="--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig \

--logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"

```

- bootstrap.kubeconfig(若需要认证，则有ssl等生成)

```bash

apiVersion: v1

clusters:

- cluster:

certificate-authority-data:

server: https://192.168.59.11:8080

name: kubernetes

contexts:

- context:

cluster: kubernetes

user: kubelet-bootstrap

name: default

current-context: default

kind: Config

preferences: {}

users:

- name: kubelet-bootstrap

user:

token:

```

- Q: master上```kubectl get node```返回结果```No resources found.```

- A: 这里出现原因是没有认证通过，本实验是在没有认证环境下进行的，但是

bootstrap.kubeconfig中的server地址是需要认证的https,这里改成http即可访问

- ```kubectl get nodes```

```bash

root@node1:/etc/kubernetes# kubectl get nodes

NAME      STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION

node2     Ready         1h        v1.11.3-beta.0.3+798ca4d3ceb5b2

```

- 解决过程

- 查看kubelet服务的错误日志

```bash

kubelet.service - Kubernetes Kubelet Server

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Sat 2018-08-25 13:49:07 UTC; 12h ago

Main PID: 14611 (kubelet)

Tasks: 12

Memory: 43.4M

CPU: 42.624s

CGroup: /system.slice/kubelet.service

└─14611 /usr/bin/kubelet --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2 --address=192.168.59.12

Aug 26 02:13:14 node2 kubelet[14611]: E0826 02:13:14.960652   14611 reflector.go:205] k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/config/apiserver.go:47: Failed to list *v1.Pod: Get https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/pods?fieldSelector=spec.nodeName%3Dnode2&limit=500&resourceVersion=0: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

Aug 26 02:13:14 node2 kubelet[14611]: E0826 02:13:14.966460   14611 reflector.go:205] k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/kubelet.go:464: Failed to list *v1.Node: Get https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2&limit=500&resourceVersion=0: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

Aug 26 02:13:15 node2 kubelet[14611]: E0826 02:13:15.016605   14611 reflector.go:205] k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/kubelet.go:455: Failed to list *v1.Service: Get https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/services?limit=500&resourceVersion=0: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

Aug 26 02:13:15 node2 kubelet[14611]: E0826 02:13:15.963891   14611 reflector.go:205] k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/config/apiserver.go:47: Failed to list *v1.Pod: Get https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/pods?fieldSelector=spec.nodeName%3Dnode2&limit=500&resourceVersion=0: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

```

这里出现访问失败的错误,需要测试一下接口:

```https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2```

- http 测试接口：出现ssl错误，即认证问题，改为http,测试

- http https://192.168.59.11:8080/...

```bash

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system# http https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2&limit=500&resourceVersion=0

[1] 22638

[2] 22639

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system#

http: error: SSLError: [SSL: UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL] unknown protocol (_ssl.c:590)

[1]-  Exit 1                  http https://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2

[2]+  Done                    limit=500

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system#

```

- http http://192.168.59.11:8080/... ,得到了相应

```bash

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system# http http://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2&limit=500&resourceVersion=0

[1] 22833

[2] 22834

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system# HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Content-Type: application/json

Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2018 03:53:20 GMT

Transfer-Encoding: chunked

{

"apiVersion": "v1",

"items": [

{

"metadata": {

"annotations": {

"node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl": "0",

"volumes.kubernetes.io/controller-managed-attach-detach": "true"

},

"creationTimestamp": "2018-08-26T02:33:27Z",

"labels": {

"beta.kubernetes.io/arch": "amd64",

"beta.kubernetes.io/os": "linux",

"kubernetes.io/hostname": "node2"

},

"name": "node2",

"resourceVersion": "15170",

"selfLink": "/api/v1/nodes/node2",

"uid": "69b8f2ca-a8d8-11e8-a889-02483e15b50c"

},

"spec": {},

"status": {

"addresses": [

{

"address": "192.168.59.12",

"type": "InternalIP"

},

{

"address": "node2",

"type": "Hostname"

}

],

"allocatable": {

"cpu": "1",

"ephemeral-storage": "9306748094",

"hugepages-2Mi": "0",

"memory": "1945760Ki",

"pods": "110"

},

"capacity": {

"cpu": "1",

"ephemeral-storage": "10098468Ki",

"hugepages-2Mi": "0",

"memory": "2048160Ki",

"pods": "110"

},

"conditions": [

{

"lastHeartbeatTime": "2018-08-26T03:53:13Z",

"lastTransitionTime": "2018-08-26T03:15:11Z",

"message": "kubelet has sufficient disk space available",

"reason": "KubeletHasSufficientDisk",

"status": "False",

"type": "OutOfDisk"

},

{

"lastHeartbeatTime": "2018-08-26T03:53:13Z",

"lastTransitionTime": "2018-08-26T03:15:11Z",

"message": "kubelet has sufficient memory available",

"reason": "KubeletHasSufficientMemory",

"status": "False",

"type": "MemoryPressure"

},

{

"lastHeartbeatTime": "2018-08-26T03:53:13Z",

"lastTransitionTime": "2018-08-26T03:15:11Z",

"message": "kubelet has no disk pressure",

"reason": "KubeletHasNoDiskPressure",

"status": "False",

"type": "DiskPressure"

},

{

"lastHeartbeatTime": "2018-08-26T03:53:13Z",

"lastTransitionTime": "2018-08-26T02:33:27Z",

"message": "kubelet has sufficient PID available",

"reason": "KubeletHasSufficientPID",

"status": "False",

"type": "PIDPressure"

},

{

"lastHeartbeatTime": "2018-08-26T03:53:13Z",

"lastTransitionTime": "2018-08-26T03:15:21Z",

"message": "kubelet is posting ready status. AppArmor enabled",

"reason": "KubeletReady",

"status": "True",

"type": "Ready"

}

],

"daemonEndpoints": {

"kubeletEndpoint": {

"Port": 10250

}

},

"nodeInfo": {

"architecture": "amd64",

"bootID": "f4cb0a01-e5b9-4851-83d9-ea6556bd285e",

"containerRuntimeVersion": "docker://17.3.2",

"kernelVersion": "4.4.0-133-generic",

"kubeProxyVersion": "v1.11.3-beta.0.3+798ca4d3ceb5b2",

"kubeletVersion": "v1.11.3-beta.0.3+798ca4d3ceb5b2",

"machineID": "fe02b8afeb1041cfa61a6b1d40371316",

"operatingSystem": "linux",

"osImage": "Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS",

"systemUUID": "98A4443F-059B-462C-900A-AFA32971670D"

}

}

}

],

"kind": "NodeList",

"metadata": {

"resourceVersion": "15179",

"selfLink": "/api/v1/nodes"

}

}

[1]-  Done                    http http://192.168.59.11:8080/api/v1/nodes?fieldSelector=metadata.name%3Dnode2

[2]+  Done                    limit=500

root@node2:/etc/systemd/system#

```

- master上测试```kubectl get node```,查到资源

```bash

root@node1:/etc/kubernetes# kubectl get nodes

NAME      STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION

node2     Ready         1h        v1.11.3-beta.0.3+798ca4d3ceb5b2

```

综上，因为k8s版本的变化，启动参数变化，按照旧版资料搭建集群，会出现一

些问题，这里解决的就是kubelet的--api-server变化.建议，搭建过程参考

经典资料，但是出错后，一定查看对应版本的官网文档.

- 接下来

- 在集群上运行demo

- 加上认证机制

Kubernetes

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