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2022-05-30
Python：masonite初体验TodoList
文档：https://docs.masoniteproject.com/
初次体验框架，感觉里边提供了丰富的命令行工具可以快速开发，
主要是ORM很棒，区别于Python生态Django等的ORM，和PHP的laravel很像，简单高效
一、环境配置
环境
Python 3.4+ masonite 2.2.26 masonite-cli 2.2.2
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安装
$ pip install masonite-cli $ craft # 查看帮助
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二、新建一个项目
# 1、新建项目 craft new project_name cd project_name # 2、安装依赖 craft install # 3、启动服务 craft serve
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访问：http://127.0.0.1:8000/
出现欢迎界面
三、示例1：hello world
1、创建控制器
$ craft controller Index
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app/http/controllers/IndexController.py
"""A IndexController Module.""" from masonite.request import Request from masonite.view import View from masonite.controllers import Controller class IndexController(Controller): """IndexController Controller Class.""" def __init__(self, request: Request): """IndexController Initializer Arguments: request {masonite.request.Request} -- The Masonite Request class. """ self.request = request def show(self, view: View): return "Hello world"
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2、配置路由
routes/web.py
"""Web Routes.""" from masonite.routes import Get, Post ROUTES = [ Get('/', 'IndexController@show'), ]
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masonite默认会自动重启服务
再次访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/
显示：Hello world
示例2：新建TODOLIST项目
1、配置数据库,使用sqlite
.env
DB_CONNECTION=sqlite DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=data.db DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=root DB_LOG=True
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2、创建迁移文件
$ craft migration create_todolist_table --create todolist
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设置3个字段：id，title，complete_time
databases/migrations/create_todolist_table.py
from orator.migrations import Migration class CreateTodolistTable(Migration): def up(self): """ Run the migrations. """ with self.schema.create('todolist') as table: table.increments('id') table.string('title') table.datetime('complete_time').nullable() # 可以为null table.timestamps() def down(self): """ Revert the migrations. """ self.schema.drop('todolist')
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迁移数据, 建表
$ craft migrate
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查看建表语句
CREATE TABLE "todolist" ( "id" INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "title" VARCHAR NOT NULL, "complete_time" DATETIME NULL, "created_at" DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "updated_at" DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL );
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可以看到默认多加了2个字段：created_at，updated_at
3、创建Model
$ craft model TodoList
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稍作修改
app/TodoList.py
"""TodoList Model.""" from config.database import Model class TodoList(Model): """TodoList Model.""" # 查询数据库的时候会在类名后加s，所以自定义表名 __table__ = "todolist" # 要写入的字段 __fillable__ = ['title', 'complete_time']
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4、创建模板
$ craft view index $ craft view detail
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其中模板引擎使用的是 Jinja2
resources/templates/index.html
TODO LIST
| 序号 | 任务 | 完成时间 | 编辑 | 删除 | |
| {{ row.id }} | {{ row.title }} | {% if row.complete_time %}{{ row.complete_time }} | {% else %}{% endif %} |
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resources/templates/edit.html
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5、编写对应的控制器方法
"""A IndexController Module.""" from masonite.request import Request from masonite.view import View from masonite.controllers import Controller from app.TodoList import TodoList from datetime import datetime class IndexController(Controller): """IndexController Controller Class.""" def __init__(self, request: Request, view: View): """IndexController Initializer Arguments: request {masonite.request.Request} -- The Masonite Request class. """ self.request = request self.view = view def index(self): rows = TodoList.all() return self.view.render('index', {"rows": rows}) def save(self): uid = self.request.input("id") title = self.request.input("title") if uid: TodoList.where('id', '=', uid).update({'title': title}) else: TodoList.create(title=title) return self.request.redirect("/") def detail(self): uid = self.request.param("id") row = TodoList.find(uid) return self.view.render('edit', {"row": row}) def delete(self): uid = self.request.param("id") TodoList.find(uid).delete() return self.request.redirect("/") def complete(self): uid = self.request.param("id") current_time = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") TodoList.where('id', '=', uid).update({'complete_time': current_time}) return self.request.redirect("/") def truncate(self): TodoList.truncate() return self.request.redirect("/")
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6、配置路由文件
"""Web Routes.""" from masonite.routes import Get, Post ROUTES = [ Get('/', 'IndexController@index'), Get('/add', 'IndexController@detail'), Get('/edit/@id', 'IndexController@detail'), Get('/delete/@id', 'IndexController@delete'), Get('/complete/@id', 'IndexController@complete'), Get('/truncate', 'IndexController@truncate'), Post('/save', 'IndexController@save'), ]
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7、界面展示
参考文章
https://docs.masoniteproject.com/creating-a-blog
Python
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