Prometheus系列——Prometheus Server安装

因为一些特殊的原因，最近更新公司的监控系统，从zabbix更换为prometheus，也刚好之前看过《Prometheus监控实战》这本书，一直没有机会实践，正好借此机会实战一下。

Prometheus就不介绍了吧，网上很多我也不想去抄那些简介了，在此推荐官网的文档Prometheus官方文档，或者中文的文档推荐Prometheus中文文档，他们写的应该比我转述的更牛逼。

话不多说开始安装，现在此声明一下，笔者安装使用的服务器：CentOS7.6 64位，因为centos6已经稍微落伍了。

一、下载二进制包安装Prometheus Server

本文主要介绍使用二进制的方式安装Prometheus，这种方式比较推荐，github的release也有相应的编译好的二进制包，下载对应的版本，就能很好的使用了。笔者安装的环境时CentOS7.6，64位，所以我的二进制包-是：https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.17.1/prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/src/ wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.17.1/prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz tar xzf prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz mv prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

二、修改配置文件

笔者将配置文件放到了/etc/prometheus 这个文件夹下面

mkdir -pv /etc/prometheus cp -a /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus ##配置文件内容如下,这个是默认的配置文件，暂时先保持默认： # my global config global: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s). # Alertmanager configuration alerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: # - alertmanager:9093 # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'. rule_files: # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml" # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape: # Here it's Prometheus itself. scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: 'prometheus' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9090']

三、创建prometheus用户以及创建数据存储目录

## 创建用户 useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M prometheus ## 创建数据目录 mkdir -pv /usr/local/prometheus/data ## 相关目录赋权，因为接下来我配置prometheus启动用户是prometheus这个用户 chown -R promethues.root /etc/prometheus chown -R promethues.root /usr/local/prometheus

四、启动Prometheus服务

1、配置systemd启动prometheus

其实prometheus启动很简单“/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data”这条命令就能启动，但是不易管理，所以配置systemd管理，使用systemd进行启停prometheus

# vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service [Unit] Description=Prometheus Documentation=https://prometheus.io/ After=network.target [Service] Type=simple User=prometheus ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

上面这个文件中，如果不指定storage.tsdb.path的话，这个目录会默认配置在prometheus命令所在目录下的data目录中（好像我配置这个就是默认的位置，哈哈哈，就这么任性），哦，对了，为了某些不记得systemd如何启动的同学，我罗列下使用systemd管理prometheus，

# 启动prometheus systemctl start prometheus # 查看prometheus状态 systemctl status prometheus # 开机启动？？？或者让prometheus成为systemd的一个服务 systemctl enable prometheus # 重启prometheus systemctl restart prometheus # 停止prometheus systemctl stop prometheus

2、配置supervisor启动prometheus

supervisor配置文件编写

# vim /etc/supervisord.d/prometheus-server.ini [program:prometheus-server] # command=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data --storage.tsdb.retention=60d ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args) numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1) directory=/usr/local/prometheus/ ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd) autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true) autorestart=true ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true) startsecs=30 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1) startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3) exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2) stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10) user=root ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false) stdout_logfile=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.stdout.log ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) stdout_logfile_backups=4 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10) stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0) stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false) stopasgroup=true killasgroup=true

superviso.r方式启动

supervisorctl update supervisorctl start prometheus-server supervisorctl stop prometheus-server

五、打开prometheus自带的web界面

使用四中的命令启动Prometheus，然后访问prometheus默认端口，http://ip:9090/graph

好了，至此prometheus的server端已经完成安装。

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